Napoleon III The Pragmatic Emperor - 2436 Words

The final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at Waterloo and the collapse of the French Empire left a bittersweet mood in France. Many, tired of the long war and declining morale, welcomed a fresh start. Others, however, missed the sweet taste of empire and detested defeat and the foreign dissection of French territory. In exile, the Bonapartes waited for a chance and a member of the family who could restore honor to their name. Louis Napoleon met the description. Staging multiple failed coups, Napoleon rejected failure and instead took a more patient approach. Finally, in December of 1888, Napoleon swept into France from exile in England and won the Presidency in a landslide victory. Immediately, Napoleon set to work at home, working on the†¦show more content†¦In his first act as president, Napoleon sent aid and his word to stand behind Rome and the Pope against Garibaldis continued aggression. His dual goal to both, spare the religious susceptibilities of French Catholics and to avoid offending the national susceptibilities of the Italian revolutionists, won him both praise from the Catholics at home and scorn from Republicans who supported the fiery Italian (OSullivan). To resolve the conflict, Napoleon took the practical approach and did not retract his support for the Pope, but rather asked Pius to institute liberal reform and the Napoleonic Code in the Papal states (OSullivan). He in return, approved the Loi Falloux that increased the influence the Church had in France, especially in education. Already meeting resistance in the National Assembly due to the low representation of moderates there, Napoleon forced the issue of the four-year term and organized a coup to continue serving the people. On December 2, 1851, Napoleon claimed dictatorial powers and cited his popularity as he dissolved the assembly and declared himself emperor of the Second French Empire (Osgood 59). With power now consolidated, Napoleon moved his attentions back to internation al affairs and began to flex the French arm in front of the world. Determined to create a great empire, but understanding the new world theme of the balance of power, Napoleon labored to restore prestige to France while avoiding unnecessary war. NapoleonShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Unification of Germany, Italy, and the United States2346 Words   |  10 Pagesthe French emperor Napoleon I helped German unification. It was important that he encouraged many of the middle-sized German states to absorb huge numbers of small independent territories, mostly bishoprics, church lands, and local principalities. This consolidation process, called mediation, led to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and brought the same French legal codes, measurements, and weights to most German-speaking areas, thus helping to modernize them. In 1806 Napoleon defeated theRead MoreWithin the Context of Germany 1789 – 1890 How Important a Role Did Bismarck Play in the Unification of Germany?4340 Words   |  18 Pagespalace of Versailles in France. Following the military defeat of France by Prussia in the Franco/Prussian war, (July 1870 to January 1871), the leaders of the existing Germanic states attended a ceremony there to proclaim Wilhelm I of Prussia as Emperor Wilhelm of the German Empire . Otto von Bismarck is widely recognized as the statesman who engineered the unification of Germany in this period, via astute political awareness, cunning diplomacy and the use of effective military power. 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In 1414 Jan Hus, an outspoken Czech, started speaking out against the corruption in the Catholic Church. Jan would conduct sermons in Czech so the regular citizens could understand the message. Unfortunately Jan was to outspoken and was burntRead MoreNationalism and Transnationalism in the Context of the European Union28567 Words   |  115 Pagescultural and political elites. The idea of European Integration has roots deep in the history of that subcontinent. Different parts of Europe have been brought together for different reasons, beginning with Roman times, through Franks, Habsburgs, Napoleon or Hitler.[63] That aspiration of unification gathered particular power after the Second World War, when Europeans, marked by the tragic experiences of the two probably most catastrophic episod es in human history, began to seek a means to avoid thatRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Jordan Berger. Mrs. Voshell. Honors English 10. 6 January

Jordan Berger Mrs. Voshell Honors English 10 6 January 2017 Five Scenes of The Scarlet Letter The five most important scenes of The Scarlet Letter were first, Hester holding baby Pearl being shamed on the scaffold right in the beginning. Second, when Chillingworth found out that Dimmesdale was the man who committed adultery with Hester. Third, when Hester and Dimmesdale were in the forest talking about fleeing and living with only each other and Pearl. Fourth, in which Dimmesdale finally reveals his sin to the public as he is on death’s bed. Finally, the last most important scene of the novel, is the â€Å"happy ending† when everything gets wrapped up. The first most important scene of The Scarlet Letter is in the beginning when†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The action of the novel is completely interactions among four persons in a particular environment that is also presented in its own terms† (College English 12). The interaction between Chillingworth and Dimmesdale in the novel represents the weak and the s trong in terms of doing what is right and being honest with yourself. The third most important scene, which has a great impact in The Scarlet Letter is when Hester and Dimmesdale meet in the forest and talk about making plans to run away from Boston and live together. Dimmesdale is getting very weak from his own guilt and Hester thinks it is best for them to just go away from everything. Also Dimmesdale is noticing that Pearl is starting to resemble him and people will soon start finding out. Hester shows a change in character when she decides to take off her scarlet letter, throw it across the forest, and take off her head cap to let down her beautiful hair once more. It has not been since the beginning of the novel since Hester has had her hair down and showing her beauty on the scaffold. Meanwhile, Pearl is getting upset and throwing a fit towards Hester because she does not recognize her mother without her hair up and the Scarlet Letter, since it has been there her whole l ife. She refuses to do anything her mother says until she puts the scarlet letter back onto her bosom. â€Å"Will he go back with us, hand in hand, we three together, into

New Drug Epidemic on College Campus Free Essays

English 162 October 4,2012 New Drug Epidemic on College Campuses Prescription drug abuse among college students is a growing trend on most campuses. Students are using these drugs inappropriately to not only â€Å"get high†, but to help with concentration when cramming for papers or tests, to self-medicate for anxiety or depression, and even to enhance their stamina when playing sports. Many people have stereotypes of what an alcoholic or addict is, and most people don’t associate that image with young students. We will write a custom essay sample on New Drug Epidemic on College Campus or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although drug education has been mandatory in the US throughout grade school drug use continues to rise in college students. College is known as a time for experimentation, but for some students experimentation can turn into addiction. Being young and in college doesn’t protect you from addiction. Responsible behavior does. Alcohol and drug use among students is a serious problem. Campus environments are often seen as encouraging not only use but abuse. Binge-drinking (drinking to get drunk, usually considered at least four drinks on any occasion) is one form of substance abuse that is very common among students. Alcohol and drugs pose special problems for students. The average student who has one drink a day earns a GPA at only a C-level, and grades plummet with higher consumption. Women need to drink only half what male students do to cause the same effect on their grades. Almost half of academic problems come from abusing alcohol. It’s also a factor in about a third of drop-outs. In an environment where binge-drinking is common, so are substance-related legal offences and injuries. Illegal drugs, underage possession of alcohol and drunk driving can costs fines and jail time. Fights, sexual assault, and injuries are more likely to happen when one has been drinking or doing drugs. Half of campus injuries are alcohol-related. One third of people who die in drunken driving crashes are under 25 years old. It’s the leading cause of death for young people. In 2010, an estimated 22. 6 million Americans aged 12 or older—or 8. 9 percent of the population—had used an illicit drug or abused a psychotherapeutic medication (such as a pain reliever, stimulant, or tranquilizer). This is up from 8. 3 percent in 2002. The increase mostly reflects a recent rise in the use of marijuana, the most commonly used illicit drug. [www. oasamhas. gov/] Prescription drug abuse is when someone takes a medication that was prescribed for someone else or takes their own prescription in a manner or dosage other than what was prescribed. There’s a reason that prescription drugs are intended to be taken under the direction of a doctor: if used improperly they can be dangerous. Teens are making the decision to abuse prescription medicines based on misinformation. In fact, many people think that abusing prescription drugs is safer than abusing illicit drugs. Some people take other people’s drugs for their intended purposes (to relieve pain, to stay awake, or to fall asleep). Others take them to get high, often at larger doses than prescribed, or by a different route of administration. Most prescription drugs come in pill or capsule form. Sometimes, people who abuse prescription drugs break or crush the pill or capsule, then swallow the drug, sniff it, or â€Å"cook† it—turn it to liquid—and then inject it. What’s wrong with Abusing Prescription Drugs? Taking a drug for another purpose than prescribed. As the facts will tell you, prescription drugs can have dangerous short- and long-term health consequences when used incorrectly or by someone other than for whom they were intended. All of the drug types soon mentioned can produce pleasurable effects at sufficient quantities, so taking them for the purpose of getting high is one of the main reasons people abuse them. ADHD drugs like Adderall are also often abused by students for their effects in promoting alertness and concentration. When abused, prescription drugs may be taken in inappropriate doses or by routes of administration that change the way the drugs act in the body, risking overdose. For example, when people who abuse oxycodone (OxyContin) they crush and inhale the pills, a 12-hour dose hits their central nervous system all at once—which increases their risk of addiction and overdose. Almost every medication presents some risk of undesirable side effects, sometimes even serious ones. Doctors consider the potential benefits and risks to each patient before prescribing medications. They understand that drugs affect the body in many ways and take into account things like the drug’s form and dose, its possible side effects, and the potential for addiction or withdrawal. For example, doctors know how to change the dose of a painkiller to prevent withdrawal symptoms. People who abuse drugs might not understand how these factors may affect them or that prescription drugs do more than cause a high, help them stay awake, help them relax, or relieve pain. Abuse can include taking a friend’s or relative’s prescription to get high, to treat pain, or because you think it will help with studying. The classes of prescription drugs most commonly abused are: opioid pain relievers, such as Vicodin or Oxycontin; stimulants for treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), such as Adderall, Concerta, or Ritalin; and central nervous system (CNS) depressants for relieving anxiety, such as Valium or Xanax. The most commonly abused OTC drugs are cough and cold remedies containing dextromethorphan. It is sometimes abused to get high, which requires large doses (more than what is on the package instructions) that can be dangerous. Prescription drugs have chemical names, brand names you may have heard before, and street names. Hillbilly heroin, oxy, OC, oxycotin, percs, happy pills, vikes are for Opaids. Depressants can be called Barbs, reds, red birds, phennies, tooies, yellows, yellow jackets, candy, downers, sleeping pills, tranks and stimulants Skippy, the smart drug, Vitamin R, bennies, black beauties, roses, hearts, speed, uppers. When abused, prescription drugs may be taken in inappropriate doses or by routes of administration that change the way the drugs act in the body, risking overdose. Rehab clinics have seen the sharp increased in the number of college students entering for treatment in the past 10 years. In correspondence to the increasing abuse of prescription opiates, abuse of heroin is also increasing among people age 18-25. For many prescription opiates are a stepping stone to heroin, which provides a greater high for a cheaper price. There continues to be a large â€Å"treatment gap† in this country. In 2010, an estimated 23. 1 million Americans (9. 1 percent) needed treatment for a problem related to drugs or alcohol, but only about 2. million people (1 percent) received treatment What can you do to help someone you suspect is abusing prescription drugs? Abusing prescription drugs is a dangerous thing. If you suspect someone that you love of abusing these drugs then it may be time to get some information. If you are the parent then talk to their doctor about the prescription and what the dosage was. Explain that you feel that they may be abusing thes e pills. Make an appointment and ask their doctor to talk to them. People don’t necessarily aim to become addicted to these pills but it happens too often. That is why these pills can only be obtained by a doctor. If you suspect a friend of abusing prescription drugs, calmly sit down and talk to them. Never accuse someone of being addicted by doing so they may become defensive and not only will you not get any answers but you could end up alienating them as well. Talk to a school guidance counselor or parents if you suspect that a friend is abusing prescription drugs. The goal is to get them help and not lose the friendship. They will need you and they need your friendship. Tell them about the other health risks that could happen and that you will be there for them and that you will get through it together. Support is a great thing to have. When someone has a drug problem, it’s not always easy to know what to do. If you are concerned about someone’s drug use (illicit or prescription), encourage him or her to talk to a parent, school guidance counselor, or other trusted adult. There are also anonymous resources, such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (1-800-273-TALK) and the Treatment Referral Helpline (1-800-662-HELP). The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (1-800-273-TALK) is a crisis hotline that can help with many problems, not just suicide. This includes problems due to drug use. Family and friends who are concerned about a loved one or anyone interested in mental health treatment referrals can call this Lifeline. In addition, the Treatment Referral Helpline (1-800-662-HELP)—offered by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration—refers callers to treatment facilities, support groups, and other local organizations that can provide help for their specific needs. You can also locate treatment centers in your state by going to. A person who takes drugs whether prescription or not above and beyond the prescribed amount is a person who abuses prescription drugs. Statistics say that there is an estimated 36 million people in the United States alone between the ages of 12 years old and older have abused prescription drugs at least one time in their lives. The most common prescription drugs often abused are Xanax, Valium, Ritalin, OxyCotin and Vicodin. These prescriptions start out being given by a doctor for an injury or treatment. Drug use, also involving marijuana and alcohol is common among college students across the nation. Students can usually articulate why they have chosen to use drugs, but they all fail to consider the long-term consequences of recreational drug use. These long-term effects include committing crimes, academic failure, medical problems and social problems. English 162 Oct 3, 2012 National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. Wasting the Best and the Brightest: Substance Abuse at American Colleges and Universities (New York: 2007). National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. You’ve Got Drugs: IV: Prescription Drug Pushers on the Internet (New York, 2007). Teens and Prescription Drugs: An Analysis of Recent Trends on the Emerging Drug Threat (Washington, D. C. : Office of National Drug Control Policy, 2007). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-32, DHHS Publication No. SMA 07-4293). Rockville, MD, 2007. Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction (Reprinted 2008). This publication provides an overview of the science behind the disease of addiction. Publication #NIH 08-5605. Available online at www. drugabuse. gov/scienceofaddiction. How to cite New Drug Epidemic on College Campus, Papers

The attractiveness of the Music Industry for Warner Music free essay sample

The attractiveness of the music industry from the perspective of Warner Group Music Summary Major transformation in the music industry over the last decade has resulted in the three major record labels; The Warner Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment and universal Music Group folding themselves with rapidly decreasing revenues and company structures which no longer provide profitability. A brief analysis of the external strategic factors affecting the Warner Music Group has revealed the changes in technology and social habits of customers has had the biggest detrimental influence on the company.Further analysis of the competitive environment revealed a major change in industry dynamics and the need for this large companies to change their operations and adapt to the new environment In order to survive. Contents Introduction Strategic Issues Facing the Warner Music Group Macro Environmental Issues shaping the music industry PESTLE Analysis ere Attractiveness of the music industry Ind ustry Dynamics Globalization Ethics and CAR Recommendations Conclusion References In the sasss the rather stable music industry started to transform. Cads introduced chital music and this digitization started a revolution in the industry and resulted n a rate of change which the three major music companies struggled to deal with. This report considers this transformation and how it affected on of these three companies The Warner Music Group. The strategic issues faced by Warner Music are firstly identified from a report written by Professor Theodore Periods and Professor Cyril Bouquet (Periods and Bouquet 2012) and then grouped using the PESTLE model of external factors. The impact of the factors on the attractiveness of the industry is then discussed.Drawing in information from the Periods report the structure of the industry is assessed using Michel Porters Five Forces framework. The conclusions drawn from this assessment are then used to suggest considerations for future strategies for the Warner Music Group. Finally the potential impacts of the following pressures; Industry Dynamics, Globalization, Risk, and Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility on the attractiveness of the global music industry is discussed and the conclusion drawn that the music industry and the Warner Music Group must transform radically in order to maintain profitability in the future.Strategic Issues Facing the Warner Music Group High order issues within the industry have resulted in the erosion of product sales, a constant state of change and poor strategic decisions. These issues, which have led to a loss of control, are of most concern to the Directors and CEO of Warner Music. It is these key issues which keep the CEO awake at night, which are significant in this case. The enormous power held by the major companies is being lost and product sales have been dropping year on year, to a point where the industry is no longer focusing on the sale of tangible goods.Revenues have fallen from a high in 2000 of begun to manage their own careers. Taking control of marketing, promotion and distribution, this has dismantled the value chain created by the industry and the traditional industry structure is no longer creating a sustainable profit. It is the external influences which have affected Warner Music Groups decisions and performance. Failing to understand these and choosing an inappropriate direction or strategy to follow has led to this decline in profits. The landscape is changing so fast that any deliberate strategy is likely to fail as it is will be obsolete very quickly.A more emergent strategy need to be employed. To begin to understand the external factors a PESTLE framework has been used to organist the information. The significance of these strategic issues and the context for the Warner Music Groups role in the industry can then be explored. Marco-Environment factors shaping the Music Industry In order to use this knowledge to inform future company strategy and assess the attractiveness of the industry, it is helpful to organist the factors influencing or causing this change. The PESTLE framework is a tool for analyzing the global environment and organizing the factors.The framework considerer 6 factors; Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal and Environmental. Not all of these are relevant to every organization and understanding the most significant to an organization is essential in developing a strategy to deal with them. Analysis of the current situation indicates that the major current influences of change, fall into two categories: Technological and Sociological. PESTLE analysis Technological: Since the introduction of the CD in 1983 and the digitization of music the landscape for the music industry changed.Music is easy to buy, store, transport. The internet and online streaming has all but removed the need for tangible goods to be sold. The rate of technological advancement and the emergence of new products MPH music players (and subsequent obsolescence of other products Cads) has removed many of the traditional music industries opportunities to add value to the product and thus create profit. The digitization has also led to the prolific coping and sharing of music. Sociological: the life styles of customers have changed to accommodate new technologies and customers needs and wants have changed.Value is no longer attributed to hard copies of music and sharing music is socially acceptable. Customers no longer feel obliged to pay for music they do not want and individually purchase tracks or even listen to music online without making any purchase. These two factors have had the greatest influence on the industry and the value chain it created. The strategy might be to accept the predicted change and adapt to deal with it, or it might be to attempt to stop the change by countering the influencing factor, but these factors are not independent.There is a strong link between sociological and technological. Sociological is now argued to be the most dominate factor in the electronics industry replacing technological (Vine 2013) and the same argument could be applied to the music industry. Warner Music Group must understand the asymptomatically associated within the industry. Keeping up with the pace of technological change can often be extremely difficult and expensive and may not be an area of competence for the Warner Music Group but by positioning itself correctly there may still be areas of profitability within the industry.Industry attractiveness is determined by the level of profit in an industry and the requisite for profit is the creation of value for the customer (Grant, 2010) The opportunity to create value hence the economic structure of the industry is, according to Michael Porter a product of five forces whose collective strength determine profitability (Vine 2013). Porters five forces framework is used in Figure 1 to show analysis of the music industry. Figure 1. Porters Five Forces analysis of the music industry ere Five Forces analysis shows Warner Music Group are operating in a hostile competitive situation.As highlighted by the PESTLE analysis techn ological factors eave been most influential. They have broken down barriers to the industry, Increasing the rivalry. Technological factors have affected buyer power and allowed new powerful distributors to emerge. The industry has changed beyond recognition and companies need to react to this change. Warders strategy needs to be emergent to allow the agility to move with the trends. The old models of profitability no longer Norm.As well as the external influences identified in the PESTLE framework and the forces highlighted in Porters five forces model the 88835 Strategy Framework implies here are four dominant and powerful pressures which have a major impact on any organization. Before deciding a future strategy these pressures should be considered. Industry Dynamics All industries change and all industries are in a state of change, what differs is the rate of change. For the Warner Music Group the rate of change over the last 30 years has speed up to an unmanageable rate.Since the digitization of music and the advent of online streaming the Warner Music Group has found itself in very much in the wrong place and the growth trajectory is not good. The two key points affecting industry dynamics identified by Vine and Seal-Horn (2013) are the emergence of new competitors and changing industry boundaries. The removal of barriers to entry has seen vast numbers of new entrants into the industry and the number of substitutes to the traditional product has meant new competitors are not all coming from the music industry, hence changing industry boundaries.Technological advances mean profit is no longer derived from having tangible products to sell. The Manner Music Group need to consider what part of the industry it should get evolved in, online music stores, streaming services and/or the technology associated Math either. Globalization ere Warner Music Group are an international company and although operating in domestic markets where cultural identities mean different artists will sell in different countries, their advantage is now being lost.Technological change operates across International borders and has no geographical boundaries and is a strong drive of globalization it has removed barriers and allowed all competitors to operate globally. ere biggest players are now far less significant and if not careful will become Insignificant. Risk gets ever higher. Events and trends in the wide or macro environment are fickle and difficult to influence or predict. Warner Music Group would not want to invest organizational resources into a product that will be technologically obsolete before it goes to market or that will not meet social conventions when it goes to market.Manner Music Group must recognize its strengths and exploit what it is good at. It has a strong history of predicting trends in what customers want to listen to, but not how they listen to it. The future may lie in marketing to other manufactures of IT peccaries distributors rather than the final customer. Control of the core risk, of as Heat unknown technological advances being adopted by consumers and wiping out any profit, is outside the organizations capabilities. Selling music in a market which operates at a level above that of the final device may lessen this risk.As with the words from an author, music from a musician will always be demanded, but the final method of reading or listening is changeable books to e book, Cads to online streaming. So structuring the business not to be depended on a single device or method will reduce risk. Ethics and CAR behaving ethically or responsibly is a challenge to Warner. Not because they deliberately behave unethically but because it is difficult to define what ethical is. ere music industry is notorious for needing to be cool, and as many parents know trying to be cool is paradoxically counterproductive.CIT has ensured a wide audience and can create bandwagon. The Warner Music Group have suffered from social media making it easier for opinions to be shared and gain attention. The very notion of being a large multi-national company may burden the Warner Music Group so the tragedy needs to acknowledge this and play to the strengths of the brand and not the elements which will appear unattractive to the music listening audience. ere music industry has changed beyond recognition and Warner Music Group need to react to this change, and more importantly continue to react to it.The models used n this analysis have presented a snapshot of the situation from Warders current perspective and enabled a brief understanding the dynamics and drivers needed to sta y in tune with the industry dynamics . Designing a strategy must be an iterative recess and the iterations must reflect the speed of change in the industry. A constant process of horizon scanning and re assessment of strategies together with an emergent strategy will allow the agility to move with/even create new trends.This gives the potential to influence the development of the industry to suit their own needs and grow profitability. Conclusion This report has given a brief overview of the strategic external factors facing the music industry from the perspective of the Warner Music Group. Following initial analysis of the strategic issues, the macro-environment was explored using the PESTLE framework which identified technological and sociological factors being the most influential to the change in the industry.

Comparison between past and present in recreation and leisure activities Essay Example

Comparison between past and present in recreation and leisure activities Essay Recreational and Leisure Activities in Past and Present Name: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison between past and present in recreation and leisure activities specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison between past and present in recreation and leisure activities specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison between past and present in recreation and leisure activities specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Recreational and Leisure Activities in Past and Present Leisure is described by Veblen as consumption of time non-productively. Various historical eras had different views on leisure and recreation, and they treated them differently. In past historic eras, leisure was viewed as exploitation, but this perception has greatly changed over the years. However, there are some similarities on issues related to leisure and recreation in the past and modern times (Ritchie, 1994) The industrialization era, which occurred in the 19th century, was characterized by rapid improvements in the industries in terms of production. Industrialization profoundly influenced leisure and recreation during this era. The church was not in favor of leisure and instead promoted work, which they highly valued. There was an incident in 1844 where Henry Ward Beecher, a minister, stormed the stage of a concert hall condemning commercial entertainment. In the 1880s and 90s church leaders started favoring play and even provided libraries, assembly halls and gymnasiums (Goodale Godbey, 1988). Churches have continued to promote leisure through organizing and financing of leisure activities. However, despite the banning of the theatre in the earlier period, they started gaining popularity. Drinking was also a major form of leisure during the period just as in modern times where people meet up in bars for a drink just to have fun, interact or even relax after work. Professionalism in sports emerged during this era and has continued to develop in present day where sportsmen earn a living from sporting activities. Countries also hold inter-country sports competitions that promote cohesion. Colleges in the United States were not left behind, they started the first competitive sports events (Goodale Godbey, 1988). This included sports such as baseball, rowing and track. This has continued over the years where inter-school competitions are held in various parts of the world. Football also became a major sporting activity featured in the intercollegiate sporting events and competitions too, and it has continually grown roots in the recreational field and has become one of the most popular sports in the world. The industrialization era had various effects on modern times when it comes to leisure and recreational activities. During this period, various developments promoted recreational activities and facilities. First, the adult education movement that was concerned with adult civic education. Through this, there was an expansive development in reading as a form of recreational experience. A promotion of culture through arts and crafts was also experienced and this promoted study of art in learning institutions. This influence is evident today through the number of libraries stretched across the world, the number of books and other written material published today, the internet is also a clear indication of this development since it provides all sources of written information that one may require. Preservation of natural heritage also began in this period. The Congress took the first step in preservation in1864 where it set aside a large piece of land for recreational purposes. The first state parks were also set aside in the era .these steps widely contributed to promotion of leisure in modern times since these parks are still used to date. People spend their leisure time visiting these places (Murdy, J. J., 2004). Founding of voluntary organizations such as the Young Men’s Christian Association also played a great role in promoting recreational activities especially for the youth and for the children. This has influenced the voluntary organizations to continue contributing in the field of leisure and recreation. Various playgrounds such as the Boston Sand Garden were established where people could play. The Boston Sand Garden was specifically formed for children. Such grounds are in existent up to date and they have widely promoted recreational activities since they are used to host sports events. During this era, many sporting activities emerged such as wrestling matches, shooting matches, foot races. Women also began enjoying recreational activities such as dance, athletics, gymnastics, and physical education. Towards the end of the 19th century, there was a wide emergence of outdoor activities such as hunting, mountain climbing, which have continued to be major sports in modern world (Goodale Godbey 1988). Economic factors in this period also contributed to promotion of recreation act ivies in the 1800s. Since there was increased wages paid to the workers who also had shorter working hours, the workers started participating in organized sports. There were also cheap train transportation services to move players and the fans to sports events. This could be interpreted in modern times as government support on recreational and leisure activities. Governmental support is demonstrated in labor laws that promote the welfare of workers and prevent their over-exploitation giving them leisure time. Another way in which the government has been on the frontline in promotion of recreational activities is through funding. It has been financing various sporting events and motivated sportspeople through various compensation schemes. The past historical eras’ developments had a lot of influence on the current age leisure and recreational activities. It is from these developments that today’s leisure shapes itself to what we see today. Specifically the industrialization era where many changes occurred in terms of development in the economic field and other fields, which developed into the modern world that is full of developments, is a good comparison to the modern views on leisure. Various steps that were taken in that era have made great impacts in the field of leisure and economic activities. They have ensured continued development in this area over the years. An Image of the Industrialization Era References Goodale, T. L., Godbey, G. (1988). The evolution of leisure: Historical and philosophical perspectives. State College, PA: Venture Pub. Murdy, J. J., (2004). Proceedings of the 2003 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium: April 6-8, 2003 Bolton Landing, New York. Newtown Square, PA: USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station Ritchie, D. (1996). Sports and recreation. New York: Chelsea House.

Free Essays on Nietzsche And Freud

Nietzsche and Freud both had the same idea that society was a major factor effecting ones behavior. However they differed in their perception of the innate qualities of humans and how human progress is best achieved. It will be shown in this paper how Nietzsche and Freud differ in their perception of the innate qualities of humans. Nietzsche believed that humans were innately good and that the essence of humans lied within their will. Freud believed that humans’ innate qualities were bad and it was society which was needed to suppress these qualities. Nietzsche felt that society had too much control over individuals. He states that society had adopted a type of slave morality. Nietzsche felt that if the individual wanted to succeed he or she had to break free of society to better him or herself. The basis of this idea was the theory of the will. Nietzsche believed the will was the human essence. Will is an innate quality because it is not conscience from what society says. Nietzsche believed that individuals were basically born good and it was society that made one bad. In order to avoid society corrupting an individual, one had to follow their will. He wanted the will to be unobstructed by society and in order to do this one had to do away with conscience and consciousness. Conscience is ones sense of right or wrong which comes from what society says. Nietzsche believed that ones consciousness is an illusion and it must be abandoned. By leaving behind what society said and following ones will the individual could achi eve greatness. Success and progress is best achieved, according to Nietzsche, only when there is an infinite expression of the will present. Freud felt it was society that was beneficial to the individual. Contrary to Nietszche, Freud believed that individuals were naturally born bad and it was society which made him or her bad. Freud believed that individuals were born with an id. The id is basica... Free Essays on Nietzsche And Freud Free Essays on Nietzsche And Freud Nietzsche and Freud both had the same idea that society was a major factor effecting ones behavior. However they differed in their perception of the innate qualities of humans and how human progress is best achieved. It will be shown in this paper how Nietzsche and Freud differ in their perception of the innate qualities of humans. Nietzsche believed that humans were innately good and that the essence of humans lied within their will. Freud believed that humans’ innate qualities were bad and it was society which was needed to suppress these qualities. Nietzsche felt that society had too much control over individuals. He states that society had adopted a type of slave morality. Nietzsche felt that if the individual wanted to succeed he or she had to break free of society to better him or herself. The basis of this idea was the theory of the will. Nietzsche believed the will was the human essence. Will is an innate quality because it is not conscience from what society says. Nietzsche believed that individuals were basically born good and it was society that made one bad. In order to avoid society corrupting an individual, one had to follow their will. He wanted the will to be unobstructed by society and in order to do this one had to do away with conscience and consciousness. Conscience is ones sense of right or wrong which comes from what society says. Nietzsche believed that ones consciousness is an illusion and it must be abandoned. By leaving behind what society said and following ones will the individual could achi eve greatness. Success and progress is best achieved, according to Nietzsche, only when there is an infinite expression of the will present. Freud felt it was society that was beneficial to the individual. Contrary to Nietszche, Freud believed that individuals were naturally born bad and it was society which made him or her bad. Freud believed that individuals were born with an id. The id is basica...

While the Budget factored in a decline in Australias terms of trade, Essay - 1

While the Budget factored in a decline in Australias terms of trade, the fall in global commodity prices over recent months has been larger than anticipated - Essay Example The recent natural disasters in Australia, Japan and New Zealand also reduce Australia’s economic growth in early 2011. Combined, these natural disasters detracted around 75%of a percentage point from Australia’s economic growth in 2010-11, the real GDP contracted in the March quarter of that year. While it take many years for the affected communities to recover from these tragic events, the negative impacts on Australia’s economic growth was great, with the resumption of activity and commencement of reconstruction that added to real GDP growth from 2011-12. There have been major changes in term of both structure and trend in Australian trade. Structural change has been going on from as far as 19th centuries and it is not new to anyone. It is one of the ongoing features of Australian economies. In the past years one of the most common changes is that of the service sector, which has accounted for a steadily increasing share of both output and employment. In the early years of 1950s more than of the Australian workforce were employed in the service sector, currently the rate stood at over 75% and the trend seems to be increasing. On the contrary the workforce working in both manufacturing and agricultural sector has steadily

Why Do Voters Vote Against Their Party Dissertation

Why Do Voters Vote Against Their Party - Dissertation Example The importance of this study is to determine the relationship between voting and party identification. The party identification significantly affects the outcome of an election. This was especially true in many elections that took place between 1972 and 2008 and this effect is mostly felt on the presidential vote choice.2 The effect of party ID was weaker between 1980 and 2000, but saw a dramatic rise in effect from 2004 to 2008. Ideological reputation is an emerging perception and attitude that citizens portray towards parties. This is the reason for the greater consistency in the policy views of the members of the public and their partisanship. This means the choice of leadership is motivated by partisanship which consequently implies party identification. In examining of these factors we draw the understanding of the nature of election results as well as the dynamics of the American election. Hence it is true that there is a close link of party identification to the voting choices of American citizens. Mark Twain stated â€Å"no party holds the privilege to dictate me how I shall vote. If loyalty to party is a form of patriotism, I am no patriot†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 3 Plausible reasons why voters vote against their party identification include long term and short term factors. Candidate quality also has a bearing on vote choice. For example, incumbents are evaluated based on their previous record of work hence they can or cannot benefit from the voter evaluation depending on the quality of their work.

Will economic reform along with political repression succeed result in Research Paper

Will economic reform along with political repression succeed result in the Democratization of china - Research Paper Example According to Rummel, democracy can be achieved by regular election; through each particular vote counts, thus leaders are chosen to represent the people and policies that governors are chosen. The right for every citizen to vote is a second way of democracy, and the third is the right for any citizen with the required qualification to vie for the highest office and the right to form political parties in a country. Rummel (Para. 5) further notes that, democratization â€Å"means that a people rule themselves through periodic elections of the highest leaders in which nearly all adults can participate for which offices they are eligible and under the rule of law.† In addition, democracy is sometimes associated with conditions such as the freedom of the media in criticizing the government, its leaders and the policies implemented. Secondly, there is the freedom of more than one political party to competing for power in a country. The third is that the most popular and elected lead er is the head of government. In addition, according to Hauss (Para. 6), democracy is important since it yields to peace in a country. Hence, there is stable peace in democracies as a result of tolerance, trust, cooperation, and reconciliation within a country especially when conflicts arise. The author adds that, just as democratization is important when achieved, it is also difficult to achieve it. The ethnic tensions that result to conflicting issues may create mistrust and intolerance that will yield to lack of cooperation. However, democracy should be effective for results to be evident. China and democracy According to Harding (Para. 3), the Chinese communist party (CCP), had shown signs of embarking on democracy reforms since some leaders of the party had endorsed some issues of democracy, thus showing signs of gradual rise of democracy. However, the Chinese communist party did not choose democratization as one of its strategies in the enhancement of stability in the politica l system. Therefore, direct elections are still limited to the lowest level and nominations are normally controlled by the party. In China, the freedom of non-governmental organizations is limited. In addition, the press in China is usually restricted to some information and so is the internet, thus indicating lack of freedom of the media, which is usually a priority in a democratic nation. The Chinese communist party has only been enhancing more forms of authoritarianism, thus evidently showing that the leaders of this party fear that pluralism may be a risky move in terms of political power and in the continuation of foreign policies, which, ironically, are viewed as of low value by the citizens. In addition, the middle class, which lead to the economic development, was said to be a driver in the promotion of democracy. However, the middle class usually demand for a voice in politics and in China, this group has been rewarded with high salaries, a political voice, and it is repres ented in the Chinese communist party. These have been the strategies used by the communist party to keep the middle class opposition low. Since the middle class members seem to have an interest in democracy, the country has to attend to their demands both politically and economically, so that they may loose their interest for democratization. The China’s middle class believe that the low levels of education and poverty in some part of the country would yield to unworthiness of democracy. Nevertheless, Harding (Para. 9) further argues that, in china for the past years it would have been easier to implement democratic mechanisms by abolishing the property

Reflection on Clinical Placement

Reflection on Clinical Placement Clinical Placement Reflection 1 Communication with others within the clinical setting – this may include staff members, patients and relatives. From working within in a team I have learnt that communication in health and social care underpins everything that professionals do and can determine the quality of service that patients receive. Poor communication between members of inter-professional teams affects the quality of care patients receive and can result in any number of bad experiences for the patients. I’ve noticed that some of the factors that contribute to poor communication include the use of professional jargon, abbreviations and poor handwriting. Thus I made it a personal objective try and avoid these behaviours and if I did for example, use jargon I made sure its universal so that there is no miscommunication. Your ability to work within a team. During this time on placement I have been able to witness and participate in multidisciplinary team meetings and have also had the opportunity to work with different healthcare professionals such as physiotherapist and also have been involved in ward rounds with doctors and nurses. The ward I was placed had a great team. I always felt a part of the team, and that I was making a valuable contribution thanks to both my eagerness to take on anything they threw at me, and, their inclusiveness and supportiveness. I learnt that holding back and waiting for people to notice you is not a good strategy. Let everyone know that you’re interested every day, and opportunities will come your way. Your role and relationship with others within the clinical practice My role and relationship with others within the clinical setting was very important to me. It was important for me to build the team member relationship with others as it helps to establish a mutual understanding and trust with other team members. When reflecting upon my own strengths and weaknesses, in relation to my role and relationship with others, I feel that whilst I am beginning to acquire an in depth understanding of the role of the nurse in the care of the patient, I feel that I lack substantial knowledge of the roles of the other healthcare professionals that I work alongside in the care of these same patients. I have listed the priority of this as being medium to high as I feel that it is not possible to become an effective collaborative healthcare member without having an understanding of the roles of others with whom I am are working with. If there is a lack of understanding of the roles of others, I fee l that it would be difficult to see why they are involved in the care of my patient, or even when it is appropriate to involve other healthcare professionals, inevitably leading to the quality of the care for the patient to suffer. Thus I made it in my best interest to interact more with others during the placement so that I could work alongside them confidently and work towards the same goals. Your problem solving skills. Where possible give examples of how you have used these. Being in acute care setting, the kind of problem-solving that I did tend to be solving were immediate problems rather long-term problems. For example, patients who cant get up who needs to have a sponge and clean linens on their bed. However each patient is different and often I couldn’t just perform the task without thought. The process of problem solving has guided me in finding solutions to a problem. I have learnt that this process is effective and helps me make the right decisions. I have also learnt to reflect on my decision so that I can see if the decision was the best or not for the situation. To assist me in problem solving more complex situations, I asked my mentor to provide some problem solving stimulations to further develop my problem-solving skills which was very beneficial for my learning process. Your time management skills I learnt the importance of time management a lot during this placement. On one of the days, I did not wash my patient before 8:00 am in order to prepare her for her family visit later on that day. My patient’s 10:00 am Parkinson’s’ medication administration was delayed by 45 minutes because she was being washed at that time. This event occurred because I did not prioritize the tasks I had to complete during the day properly, and therefore I learned the importance of time management. If I had obtained nursing knowledge and familiarize myself with the daily routine care of the patient I could have handle my time more efficiently. After this event, I learned effective time management strategies to handle my time on clinical and I will definitely utilize the time managing strategies step by step from knowing , planning , prioritizing tasks, gaining support from other nurses, and being flexible with my tasks. Your ability to understand your competence and scope of practice It was important for me to have an understanding my own competence and scope of practice as it guides me to good clinical practice and the delivery of my care to my patients. As a student enrolled nurse, there were strict practice standards and regulations, especially when medication is involved and supervision from our mentor was required at all times. Reflecting back, there were situations where although the practice was within my scope of practice, the policy and procedures of the facility did not allow it thus it is important to understand and familiarize yourself with the policy and procedures of the hospital as well as working within your scope. How you adapt and use new technology and reflect on historical changes in nursing As I was quite young and I didn’t have any problems adapting and using new technology. It was very exciting seeing new technology as I believe it will greatly improve nursing practice and make it more efficient. Some of the new technologies I had the opportunities to use include new vital signs machine, lifting machines and computer programs that included online hospital policy and procedures and mims. All documentation was still hand-written and stored in folders. Historically, nursing documentation has been a hand- written. However, today facilities are now introducing new technology aimed to improve efficiency and effectiveness. Your competency in relation to your nursing skills Competency in relation to my nursing skills had a lot to do with my confidence. For me, confidence is an important aspect of the practice of nursing and plays a major role in development. After an incident, I recognised that despite my lack of confidence the skill set that required to be completed for a particular patient was within my scope of practice, within my ability and within my knowledge base. On reflection it is clear that my lack of confidence in my ability, when put ‘on the spot’ contributed to my feelings of inadequacy which affected my competency in relation to my nursing skills. Through reflection and use of a mentor I was able to clarify that my weakness was not my nursing skills or knowledge level but my inability to effectively perform when under close scrutiny, which in turn led to a lack of confidence in my skill level and clinical knowledge. To develop my confidence and communication skill I became pr oactive and requested the assistance of a senior clinical educator to critically assess my skills and knowledge base. By doing this I reinforced my knowledge and skills but more importantly developed self-confidence. My efforts in seeking assistance and assessment of my skills could be seen as a step in ‘becoming more independent’. By gaining input and validation from my clinical educator, I ensured that I was able to successfully utilize my nursing skills competently and independently. An overall reflection of the day and how you can use your reflection to improve your practice Upon starting this placement I didn’t really know what to anticipate as it was my first time in a hospital setting, so when I was asked about my expectations all I could say was â€Å"That I wanted to learn all I can† Thinking back on that not so confident response, now at the end of this placement, gives me good insight into how valuable this placement has been to my professional development. This placement gave me the opportunity to begin to see myself as a professional, as I gradually learnt how to think critically about the patient’s health and managing their care and needs. This led to my becoming increasingly confident in the role I was determined to fill. Although I feel that I have a long way to go in this endeavour and will always continue learning, I know that I have learnt a lot during my time at this placement. To further improve my practice, I will use refle ction as it enables me to solve problems or learn from actions through thinking consciously about an activity which would then enable me learn and develop. Clinical Placement Reflection 2 Communication with others within the clinical setting – this may include staff members, patients and relatives. During my placement I was in a stroke unit. Being on this unit, I worked with many clients who suffered from post-stoke symptoms and many had difficulty with speech. The experience helped me learn the importance of both verbal and non-verbal communication. As an aspiring nurse, I have to continuously sharpen my communication skills because I will be interacting with more diverse range of patients in the future. I have to be able to establish rapport with each new patient and I can do this by communicating with them. I must maximise my communication with my patients because I can do a lot of things by communicating such as motivate, empower, educate and understand my patients. Your ability to work within a team. Working in a team provides me with a great satisfaction. From this teamwork experience, I strongly feel the importance of teamwork in providing consistent care for patients. It taught me to interact with others and as an individual in order to work towards the same goal. I had witnessed examples of both good and poor inter-professional collaboration and communication whilst in practice and have reflected on those incidents. Also, being self-aware I found was not only essential to nursing as a basis for reflection but it also contributed to how I communicate with others and assisted me in developing inter-personal skills with our colleagues so that I could work better in a team. Your role and relationship with others within the clinical practice In order to work efficiently together, it was important to understand my role and the roles of others within the clinic setting. My professional relationships with others was good except with occupational therapist (OT) mainly because I never had a fully understand of their role. I felt more clarity was needed surrounding the role of the OT so I made the efforts to research and speak to some of the OT to find out about their roles. As a result I was able to witness some of their work and worked closely with them. Being professional relationships and understand the roles of others has also lead me to understanding about the unique qualities and skills that different professionals bring to the team. In learning about other team members roles, I was also able to enhance my own professional identity which made me comfortable in the clinical setting. Your problem solving skills. Where possible give examples of how you have used these. I was quite a confident problem-solving however there are times where I’m faced with a situation where I can identify the problem but I’m not able to come up with a solution due to lack of experience. For example performing venepuncture; the patient had very poor vein and my first attempt failed and was very demotivated. We were never taught in school on how to deal with bad veins except to have two attempts and have someone else do it if you fail. Determined to do the venepuncture successful, I suggested to my mentor, if I was able to pull the vein downwards to minimise the movement of the vein. With the approval of my mentor, I went in and was successful on my second attempt. Your time management skills Prioritizing is a necessary tool for effective time management thus I made sure I prioritize tasks from high to low priority order. However during this placement, a staff had questioned my time management skill because I choose to assist patient who was lying in a soiled bed over researching my medications that was due in half an hour. This experience made me question how I was prioritising my time management skills. I decided to reflect on experience, and I believe that the staff was wrong to question my time management skills. I had thought about which was the greater priority in this situation and I still believe that the patient was. If the same situation arose again I feel that I would not do anything different other than to speak up and justify my decisions. I recognize and knowledge Time management as an important skill in nursing and hope that my skills will further improve with practice. Your ability to understand your competence and scope of practice My ability to understand my competence and scope of practice is demonstrated through my clinical practice to safely provide care that is in accordance to the competency standards and actively informing others of my scope of practice. I always clarified what the specific activity or task details were from my mentor and obtained any additional information that I may need, such as facility policies or procedures. I also I made sure I expressed the concern to my mentor or educator. An example of this was my knowledge of medication. Although it was in my scope to administer medication, it was important that I do it competently with full understanding of the drug use and why the patient is receiving it. While it was in my scope, I lacked knowledge of the drug therefore I felt incompetent to administer it safely. For this reason, I made it my goal to research the medications prior to administration. How you adapt and use new technology and reflect on historical changes in nursing During my placement, I adapted well to the new technology. The ward I was on had new software integrated in their computers which allowed me to access patient results and continue my learning through web-based training programs and access to online medical dictionaries and mims. My experience using these was very positive and very efficient. Historically, nursing documentation has been a hand- written. This was still the case in the ward that I was working in. This form of documenting has provided good communication between health care professionals and plan of patient care for the patient for a long period however the increase of medical errors and miscommunication has driven facilities to introduce new technology aimed to improve this and the efficiency and effectiveness of clinical practice. Your competency in relation to your nursing skills Nursing competency requires accumulation of evidence based knowledge and skills, understanding of cultural diversity and the care provided. During clinical practice I used the ANMC competency standards to reflect on my own practice. Areas that I felt competent in was my providing care in a safely manner and my ability to address the physiological, psychological, physical, emotional and spiritual needs of the patients and significant others. In addition, I continued professional education in order to build up knowledge and skills that will be necessary in coping with the dynamic changes in healthcare. Continuing education ensures that my knowledge is current and level of competency is maintained at a satisfactory level. An overall reflection of the day and how you can use your reflection to improve your practice My last placement has proved to be a huge progress. Through observations and clinical practice, I managed to develop my nursing skills both as an independent learner, but also as a member of the health team. Having been assigned patient loads, research medications and or reflecting on how I went, I was able to employ a range of skills that could not have found a better environment to develop in; critical thinking and problem solving, working with others and time management are just few examples. I will continue to do reflective practice to evaluate any clinical incident, positive or negative to attempt to better understand and contemplate the events which have taken place, and the behaviour, emotions and actions of not only myself, but the patient and others involved at that time In doing so, It will increase knowledge surrounding that situation and my professional development.

Code of Ethics Essay -- Ethical Issues, Good Ethics

This essay will discuss the following main statement; the adoption of a proposed new look Code of Ethics, based on the international Federation Accountants’ code, will ensure that New Zealand Charted Accountants meet their ethical responsibilities. Within this essay an adverse position will be taken towards the previous statement. The international Federation of Accountants (IFAC) states that, professional standards and the code of ethics form important benchmarks that should be met by practicing accountants. Accountants should understand and apply them when conducting any type of work (Pickett 2005). The New Zealand Institute of Charted Accountants (NZICA) is a member of IFAC, as part of its member obligations NZICA has to apply the same standards as IFAC (nzica) . This is how the previous statement arises, due to IFAC recently going through a major revision of the code in the area of independence. (nzica) .This essay will appoint different issues and concerns about adopting a new code of ethics and how this change will actually affect the society. Such points are; personal moral judgment, ethical education being a factor of ethical responsibilities and unclear types of enforcement and points of the Code of Ethics. â€Å"Good ethics, whether at work or home, demands self-knowledge, Whereas some groups want to see ethics as a skill or a particular part of organizational transformation, practising good ethics ultimately comes down to you and how you make decisions.†(6). Moral judgment is unique to any individual, adjustments to the NZICA Code of Ethics will not provide a higher rate of success in ethical decisions by professional accountants this is stated in certain studies .Such studies show that moral judgment is not affected ju... ...de of Ethics show the problem is far more extensive than just a few overlook of the previous code. To ensure that New Zealand Charted Accountants act ethically there is need of bigger changes. Ultimately , this essay discussed why the statement; the adoption of a proposed new look Code of Ethics, based on the international Federation Accountants’ code, will ensure that New Zealand Charted Accountants meet their ethical responsibilities, is not essentially right. Throughout the essay with the aid of journal articles, books and other resources a point of agreement that the previous statement is not correct has been achieved. Three different points were arise, personal moral judgment, ethical education being a factor of ethical responsibilities and unclear types of enforcement and points of the Code of Ethics to prove that the previous statement was not correct.

Why Should We Ban Gmos?

GMOs or genetically modified organisms have been a controversial term since the middle 1990s when the FDA approved the papaya to be genetically altered to save it from a worldwide virus leading to its demise. The rash and uneducated decision to save the papaya came without any form of long term effects to the delicate balance of our eco-system and populous. The problem with genetically modified foods is the potential unknown and the long term affects they very well potentially could propose.According to a poll taken by CNBC on April 28th, 2011 eighty-two percent of Americans are against GMOs [1]. The long term effects are becoming more and more prevalent within our society as GMOs continue to be around longer and with more research being done the possibilities for harm increase daily. While I won’t deny the overall idea here has great potential such as potentially virus and fungi immune crops as well as drought resistant crops [2] the overall study and research on this subject is very limited and vague.The side effects of GMOs is already showing up in certain grains and beans such as chronic wasting of internal organs to rats fed genetically modified potatoes and large amounts of defects produced in rats being fed high a diet of herbicide resistant soybeans such as sterile babies and stunted birth [3]. I feel the decision to push heavily for GMOs and filling over seventy percent of American grocery stores with unlabeled GMOs [4] has largely to do with the tyrants who control the market such as Nestle, General Mills, PepsiCo, and Monsanto.While America is being controlled by such companies being the largest consumer of GMOs by over double any other continent or nation [5] while many others such as Japan, Australia, and many of the European Union have heavy restrictions or bans on such goods where consumer rejection has taken place forcing GMOs out. If eighty-two percent of America are against GMOs they must stand up for their beliefs and not be conquered by these tyrants. The FDA’s states, â€Å"Theoretically, genetic modifications have the potential to activate cryptic pathways synthesizing unknown or unexpected toxicants, or to increase expression from active pathways that ordinarily produce low or undetectable levels of toxicants. † The FDA encourages companies that are concerned about toxicity to â€Å"consult informally with the agency on testing protocols for whole foods when appropriate. )† meaning these laws are hardly enforced, if the company is concerned with toxicity they suggest testing and do not require it [4]. In a bio technicians terms genetic modification is the insertion of a gene from a completely foreign and non-related species or organism using a virus or bacteria as a gateway entry into the cellular compound. These gateway and seemly harmless viruses and bacteria are now becoming active in humans due to large amounts of GMO consumption.This is also posing another problem by triggering other genes within the human body and DNA to bring about new allergens among many other things. The FDA refuses to require testing of GMO products claiming they have â€Å"not found it necessary to conduct, prior to marketing, routine safety reviews of whole foods derived from plants. † The FDA is also against labeling GMO products with the mind set of it creating a public concern and panic for goods that are safe to eat. Food manufacturers also worry that labeling GM products with warnings could cause food prices to rise and create uncalled for concern among consumers. † If there is so much concern for stating the potentially increasing side effects then GMOs should be taken off the market and a very in-depth and detailed study should be conducted for the next several years to really make sure this is a revolutionary step for the Earth and its people.

The Two Gentlemen of Verona Essay Example

The Two Gentlemen of Verona Essay Example The Two Gentlemen of Verona Essay The Two Gentlemen of Verona Essay Darko Karamatic Class: Humanities Professor: Michael Martin Date: November 1, 2009 The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Two Gentlemen of Verona by Shakespeare is a huge art, and Shakespeare as the man that invented its own language of writing is definitely one of the best artists ever. In The Two Gentlemen of Verona which in one sense seems to be unreal story in another is very real. The relationship between best friends as in this section is reduced to such a cynical attitude as it is between Proteus and Valentine. The Two Gentlemen of Verona Proteus and Valentine, known as best friends and their infatuation to the same woman named Silva has led them into trouble. Proteus, a character who in my opinion is a hypocrite and false friend was also able to betray his best friend, Julia and everyone in his vicinity. When Valentine was supposed to go to Milan he also called his best friend Proteus to come with him, but he refused to go. He refused his best friend because of the love he felt towards Julia, but in the meantime his father was persuaded him to leave Verona and go to Milan to gain some life experience. Love between Proteus and Julia was extremely big, it seemed that the two of them were alive for one another. Since Proteus had to leave Verona in a sign of eternal fidelity he exchanged rings with Silvia. After his arrival in Milan Proteus soon forget on Julia and fall in love with the love of his best friends Silvia. As to his best friend, Valentine was not hiding anything from Proteus, and he was not expecting his cunning and jealousy. He told to Proteus all about his visiting Silvia and the love they felt between each other. He also told him about her father, the Duke of Milan, and that he wants her to marry wealthy guy, in this case Thurio. Silvia and Valentine were in love until nasty Proteus did not decide to do anything in his power just to get Silvia’s love. Proteus has decided to go and tell everything to Silvia’s father, all about the relationship between Valentine and Silvia and their plans to escape Milan together. When Duke heard all this stuff he was very surprised because he thought they were just friends. Proteus also asked Duke ot to tell anyone how he found out about this, because Valentine was his best friend.. The Duke immediately wanted to remove Valentine away from his daughter and he did it, he banished Valentine from Milan. In the meantime, Proteus was faking that he wanted to help Thurio to win Silva’s love. In conversation with Proteus, Thurio was persuaded to pay musicians and play serenade under Silvia’s window. After Thurio finally decided to do so, b efore the musicians started playing, Proteus told him to hide and leave him alone in order to help him to win Silvia. Of course it was just a trick for poor Thurio, because Proteus’ intent was to make Silvia think how he prepared all this show for her. At the same time Julia has decided to go to Milan and look for her love Proteus. After her arrival to Milan she found out that Proteus was already in love with another woman and was very disappointed. Since she did not know what to do she decides to disguise as a man and soon after she became his page, called Sebastian. In one situation Proteus sends Sebastian to deliver a letter to Silvia and with the letter he also sends her a ring (the same one which he got from Julia as a sign of great love). After valentine was banished from Milan, he was attacked by outlaws. Instead of just robbing him they started talking and Valentine lied how he was banished from the city because he killed a man. The outlaws told Valentine how they were gentlemen too but they were banished and now they live in the forest. Besides that, they told Valentine that he must become their leader or they will have to kill him. Since Valentine did not have another choice valentine agreed and became one of them, actually more than that, he became their leader. As every comedy has happy end this one was the same way. After Silvia decided to go to the city she was comforted by the outlaws who took her to their leader Valentine. Although I really do not like Proteus as a person, Jeff Bukovinsky had fantastic play. His expression of emotions was just amazing. For instance, when he managed to deceive his best friend, Valentine, as well as the Duke. Furthermore, his falling in love practically every five minutes is just unreal and silly, but he still shows it with so many great importances as it is the very last one. The Proteus as a person is just a garbage, nasty character and it is not worthy anything but the actually acting by Bukovinsky was performed just excellent and deserves all the credit. In addition, the part which I (with not big knowledge) consider as the best played by Bukovinsky was one where Silvia and Proteus were in the forest. There, after refusing his love Proteus having no other choice threatened to rape Silvia (â€Å"Ill force thee yield to my desire†). At the very beginning of the play the audience seemed very excited and tried not to miss anything, and the excitement increased as the show went on. In the second part of the play everyone was paying sharp attention, especially at the moment when Duke found out about Silvia’s and Valentine’s hidden love. Everyone seemed itchy and was waiting for the end even though most of them knew what was going to happen, they were eager to see the scene. The most emotional scene in audience was when the Duke approved love between his daughter and Valentine. I personally think that the play left much more impressions and was much more interesting than actual reading to me. At the play I felt like I was so into it, and could not move my eyes from the stage. At some point, I understood everything that was going on which was not true in case while I was reading the book. Hence, all the credit from me goes to the actual play. Arrangement of characters on stage and just carrying out the performance was fantastic and at the same time professional. I did not notice any single mistake by the actors, and every step they were taking seemed like taken with a big confidence, like they were doing it forever.

Definition and Examples of Prolepsis in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Prolepsis in Rhetoric (1) In rhetoric, prolepsis is foreseeing and forestalling objections to an argument. Adjective: proleptic. Similar to procatalepsis. Also called anticipation. (2) Similarly, prolepsis is a  figurative device by which a future event is presumed to have already occurred. Etymology:  From the Greek, preconception, anticipation Examples and Observations In the ancient art of rhetoric, prolepsis stood for the anticipation of possible objections to a speech. This anticipation enabled the speaker to provide answers to objections before anyone had the chance to even raise them. In other words, the speaker takes the role/attitude of the listener while preparing or delivering his speech, and he tries to assess in advance what possible objections could be raised.(A. C. Zijderveld, On Clichà ©s: The Supersedure of Meaning by Function in Modernity. Routledge, 1979)In 1963, Nobel Prize-winning economist William Vickrey suggested that [automobile] insurance be included in the purchase of tires. Anticipating the objection that this might lead people to drive on bald tires, Vickrey said drivers should get credit for the remaining tread when they turn in a tire. Andrew Tobias proposed a variation on this scheme in which insurance would be included in the price of gasoline. That would have the added benefit of solving the problem of uninsured mot orists (roughly 28% of California drivers). As Tobias points out, you can drive a car without insurance, but you cant drive it without gasoline.(Ian Ayres and Barry Nalebuff, Would You Buy Car Insurance by the Mile? Forbes, 2005) [P]rolepsis is a form of looking ahead, of assuming something to be the case before it has been encountered, a foreshadowing in some sense. Novelists do this all the time when they hint at things to come, or when they omit information, almost as if they thought the reader already knew it. The result of such prolepsis [is] that the reader (or hearer) creates, rather than passively receives, the information necessary to complete the scene or circumstances that the writer (or speaker) merely hints at.(Leo van Lier, The Ecology and Semiotics of Language Learning: A Sociocultural Perspective. Kluwer, 2004)In the movie The Empire Strikes Back (1980), Luke Skywalker says, Im not afraid, to which Jedi master Yoda responds, You will be. Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991) contains proleptic scenes of future nuclear devastation envisioned by a woman whose son is the target of a robot sent back in time to kill him.(Ross Murfin and Supryia M. Ray, The Bedford Glossary of Critical and Literary Term s, 2nd ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2003) Procatalepsis is another relative of the hypophora. While the hypophora can ask any sort of question, the procatalepsis deals specifically with objections, and it usually does so without even asking the question, as in this example: Many other experts want to classify Sanskrit as an extinct language, but I do not. By directly addressing objections, procatalepsis lets the writer further his or her argument and satisfy readers at the same time. Strategically, procatalepsis shows your readers that you have anticipated their concern, and have already thought them through. It is, therefore, especially effective in argumentative essays.(Brendan McGuigan, Rhetorical Devices: A Handbook and Activities for Student Writers. Prestwick House, 2007) Pronunciation: pro-LEP-sis

An Austrian company's tale of groth, globalizition and decline Essay

An Austrian company's tale of groth, globalizition and decline - Essay Example 3). Auer went into matured markets, including Egypt, Germany, Italy, and the United States. Hungary might be considered a more of a developing, or emerging, market, which is in line with where the world market is going, in that â€Å"most of the world’s growth is expected to occur in today’s emerging markets† (Cavusgil, 2002, p. 1). The factors in choosing these markets include competition, service costs, market characteristics and uncertainty (Davidson, 1982, p. 85). Based upon what you know about Auer Waffeln’s international expansion into a variety of foreign markets, can you identify distinct stages or phases in the entry process? What are the decisions that must be made at each stage? According to Johanson & Wiedersheim-Paul (1975), there are different stages for a firm when they decide to internationalize, and these stages represent successively higher degrees of internationalization commitment (Johanson & Vahlne, 1977, p. 23). When firms go internat ional, each additional market commitment will happen in incremental steps (Johanson & Vahlne, 1990, p. 211). The firms go through these stages, from a low degree of international involvement in Stage 1 to a high degree of international involvement in Stage 4 (Phing & Au, 2001, p. 163). The first stage is where there are no export activities. The second stage is that there is exportation via agents or independent representatives. The third stage is where an overseas sales subsidiary is established. The fourth stage is overseas manufacturing/production units (Johanson & Wiedersheim-Paul, 1975). With his entry into the Middle East, Waffeln conducted direct exportation of his products. This was the first stage of his entry into the market, and one of the biggest decisions that needed to be made when conducting the export business is how to circumvent, so to speak, the unique cultural challenges that exporting directly to the Middle East presents. Cultural challenges is one of the major barriers that internalizing firms face, and it is necessary to understand the cultural differences between the firm and the clientele (Copeland & Griggs, 1985, p. 52). Cultural â€Å"shapes business practices and processes in widely varying ways† (Caslione & Thomas, 2002, p. 24). Negotiating these cultural differences is considered to be one of the most important skills for the international manager (Brooke, 1986, p. 225). Cultural competency is one of the most important factors in gaining a competitive edge (Elashmawi, 2001, p. xvi). How managers interpret and respond to strategic issues is dependent upon the surrounding culture (Becker, 2000, p. 90). Culture can be spread across six different cultural dimensions – how does the society look at the nature of people; how does society look at the relationship between a person and nature; how does society look at the relationship between people; what is the primary mode of activity in society (accepting status quo or chan ging things to make them better); what is the conception of space in a given society (are meetings held in private or public); and what is the society’

About positive message Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

About positive message - Essay Example The grooming of the workforce is a win-win situation. It is a strategy which will not only benefit the organization but it will also help the employees to improve their market worth which can be cashed on later. There are some rules and regulation while taking any course. These rules and regulations must be followed by the employees so that they can get maximum benefits without any hindrance. Employees are entitled to receive scholarship for those courses which are related to their current job. Initially the courses are being offered for the permanent employees however we also believe that our temporary workers will try to work hard to get the status of permanent employee so that they can also make their market worth through these courses. Tuition fee is considered as one of the major chunk of any study. Therefore the organization has already made an arrangement for it and we hope that employees will make the arrangement for other expenses like books and stationary at their own expense. Grade ‘C’ will be considered as a mandatory requirement for the reimbursement of approved applications of the employees. Temporary employees can take some benefits from the scholarship after the completion of their probationary period with the company. Employees interested in under-graduate programs will be better of since the undergraduate programs are not taxed as per the rules of the taxation. There are very few organizations that care about the workforce to such an extent. However we also believe that these facilities are not only benefiting the employees but such a grooming is also enhancing the goodwill of the organization. We believe that employees should consider it as a life time opportunity and try to give maximum time to their courses after the completion of their work. Work experience can not benefit alone. Many HR managers expect that employees should keep themselves up to date with the latest developments related to their field. For example if

Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Article - Essay Example (Krawczyk, M.et.al, 2008, p. 136). The study concludes that the CC-genotype, BTH and genotype correlate perfectly, and the genetic test provides an unambiguous result. In both positive individual with a negative genetic test there is good reason to suspect secondary causes of lactase deficiency. (Krawczyk, M.et.al, 2008, p.138). In the study 58 consecutives patients are chosen (25 males, 33 females; median age 41 years, range 18 – 82 years) recruited prospectively between April 2005 and July 2007. (Krawczyk, M.et.al, 2008, p.137). These patients were referred by the department with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms consistent with lactose intolerance (i.e., bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea).All participants signed an informed consent form, and the study was conducted according to a study design approved by the local ethical committee. (Krawczyk, M.et.al, 2008, p.137). The method in genetic test includes the use of a Peripheral venous blood samples for DNA testing were obtained from all patients. DNA was isolated using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The genotyping procedure consisted of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and SNP detection of the -13,910C>T variant using SNaPshot minisequencing (Applera, Norwalk,CT). (Krawczyk, M.et.al, 2008, p.136). For Hydrogen breathe test (BTH), it was performed after at least 12 hours overnight fasting. All patients were obliged to restrain from cigarette smoking before the test. Additionally, individuals who underwent colonoscopy or were taking any antibiotics in the fortnight before the test were excluded from the study. The test was performed after ingestion of 50 g of lactose diluted in 300 ml of water. The amount of exhaled hydrogen was measured in parts per million (ppm) before lactose ingestion (baseline), every 10 minutes during the first hour and every 20 minutes

View Buddhism Essay Example for Free

View Buddhism Essay The academically inclined often choose to view Buddhism as an outgrowth of environment or preexisting religions, but Dhammanda (2002) observes that this does not accord it recognition as an intellectual approach to reality. As such, Buddhism is the evolved result of religious and philosophical development derived from a pragmatic form of introspection which yields an emphasis on mental development that evokes the intellectual stance of the scientific method. Verhoeven (2001) notes that, because modern science is regarded as difficult to reconcile with the religious orthodoxy of Western culture, the growing Western interest in Buddhism is largely predicated on its potency as an â€Å"alternative altar† that may seek to fulfill the need to acquire a religious code that can reside comfortably alongside post-Darwinian science. Watson (2001) remarks that exponential progress in the fundamentals of cognitive science have resulted in an increased reception towards the Buddhist tradition, which is preoccupied with the varying modes of human experience. Part of this sudden appeal comes from Buddhism’s remarkable empiricization of psychology and philosophy, which asserts that the emotional well-being of man is contingent upon his ability to realign his perspective on experience and use this realignment to bring about positive change. But the other more crucial component to this sudden appeal is that Western science has begun to reconsider the traditional mind/body binary which situates consciousness within the brain and the body as anatomic extensions of consciousness. As Watson (2001) notes, â€Å"the mind is not just a program in the brain, but [†¦] its processes are distributed throughout the body.† However, Verhoeven (2001) cautions that we should be careful not to equate the resonance between Buddhism and Western science with absolute paradigmatic compatibility. While â€Å"adapting new and unfamiliar Buddhist conceptions to †¦ Western thought† may enrich the field of science, he warns that this also â€Å"threatens to dilute [Buddhism’s] impact and distort its content.† Still, Watson (2001) reasons that Buddhist’s real potential to enrich science is not its quasi-logical structure, but its attempt to propose an epistemology that is not rooted in dualism. â€Å"†¦Its purpose is †¦ to relate to an embodied way of being.† To this end, Buddhism endorses an engagement with the world that is based on process and agency rather than on products and essences. As such, Buddhism’s greatest boon is its potential to confer centuries of results in the domain of first-person experience to further the sophistication of the West’s third-person research. This receptive approach extends beyond enabling the flexibility of fundamental notions of reasons and into the theoretical framework which governs the production of art. Conventional generalizations regarding Eastern and Western art propose that, where Western art give emphasis to form and verisimilitude, Oriental art places an emphasis on abstraction and the representation of the spirit. Under such a dichotomy, the philosophical orientation of Western art is geared towards the imposition of meaning over reality, whereas Eastern art either yields to the primacy of forms, or chooses to receive it as a source of interpretation rather than a tool for representation. Lieberman (1997) proposes that aesthetics in Western art is used to establish a link between the emotions of the artist and the audience. The Western artist accomplishes this by working within the intersection in which form and content operate to produce meaning to create mood. As such, verisimilitude to real forms is not merely a question of creating â€Å"aesthetically pleasing reproduction[s],† but expressing a personal reaction to them. He then contrasts this with Zen Buddhist art, noting that it forgoes verisimilitude in favor of using the simplest possible means to express the â€Å"the inherent nature of the aesthetic object.† As such, regardless of aesthetic peculiarity, any form may inspire painting, be expressed through verse or utilized in music, rather than insisting on dogmatic notions of what can be utilized or expressed in them. (Lieberman, 1997) Lieberman (1997) quips, â€Å"The job of the artist is to suggest the essence, the eternal qualities of the object, which is †¦ a work of natural art before the artist arrives on the scene.† Achieving this goal comes from comprehension of the aesthetic object’s inner nature, what Lieberman terms to be â€Å"its Buddha nature,† and essentially promoting an inquisitive engagement with aesthetic forms not unlike the scientific endeavor. The fashion by which Buddhism enriches civilizations lie in, not merely its ability to open up the modes we engage in science and art through inquisitiveness and receptiveness, but in the fact that these cultural gains are extensions of an entire philosophy which promotes the thinking power of human beings. As Dhammanada (2002) observes, it effectively frees them from the dogmatic approach to life resulting in fanaticism and myopic thinking and â€Å"produces the feeling of self-reliance by teaching that the whole destiny of humanity lay in their own hands, and that they themselves possess the faculty of developing their own energy and insight in order to reach the highest goal.†   REFERENCES Dhammanada, K. S. (2002) What Buddhists Believe. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Buddhist Missionary Society Malaysia. Lieberman, F. (1997) Zen Buddhism and Its Relationship to Elements of Eastern and Western Arts. Retrieved May 16, 2008 from: http://arts.ucsc.edu/faculty/lieberman/zen.html Verhoeven, M. J. (2001, June) Buddhism and Science: Probing the Boundaries of Faith and Reason. Religion East and West, Issue 1. Pp. 77-97 Watson, G. (2001, January) Buddhism Meets Western Science: A dialogue on the mind and consciousness. Religion and the Brain, Issue 19.

Cats Cradle :: essays research papers

Synopsis: 'Cat's Cradle' by Kurt Vonnegut 1963 Abstract. This novel, filled with a variety of bizarre but all-too-human characters, focuses primarily on the ironic legacy of modern science, which, according to Vonnegut, promises mankind progress but only hastens the cataclysmic end of the world. As John, the narrator, researches the background for his book on the atomic bomb, he becomes fascinated by Dr. Felix Hoenikker. Hoenikker is the archetypal scientist, isolated from human contact, dedicated to his work, and completely without moral awareness. Like the child's game cat's cradle, which is meant to amuse but only terrifies his son, Hoenikker's scientific games are anything but harmless. Ironically the atomic bomb is not even Hoenikker's most devastating creation. Working on the rather innocuous problem of how to get soldiers out of the mud, he synthesizes "ice-nine," which is both better and worse than expected: It would freeze the water so soldiers stuck in the mud could lift themselves out, but this freezing action would continue until every bit of water on earth was turned into solid ice-nine. At his death Hoenikker's secret substance is entrusted to his children, who are predictably irresponsible and use the power of ice-nine only for their personal advantage. Vonnegut shows sympathy for Newton, Angela, and Frank Hoenikker, frail human beings who are simply incapable of the moral strength and wisdom demanded of them, but this makes the satire even more powerful: Mankind continually refuses to acknowledge what may be called its terminal stupidity and therefore perpetually threatens its own existence. There are a few positive forces in the novel, but each is undermined. Love, for example, is presented as a worthy but impossible, even comical ideal, symbolized by Mona Monzano and her insatiable habit of making love only by rubbing bare feet with another.

cloning Essay -- essays research papers

Since March 1997, the birth of a cloned sheep, named Dolly, has caused a great sensation around the world. The reason why Dolly shocked the world was that she was the first clone from a cell of an adult mammal: something scientists thought to be impossible. The cloning of a mammal cell meant that the possibility of cloning a human beings was increased. For fear human cloning, a lot of countries have taken necessary measures to regulate the study of it. We should ban human cloning because it has the possibility to reduce the value of human life: taking away individuality in our society. Richard Seed, a physicist who supports human cloning, said in a radio interview that he would open a clinic of human cloning for infertile people and make a big profit (Hotwired Japan). If human cloning were allowed there would be so many people just like Seed who would use cloning technology to make money. The business of operating the technology looks so profitable because there could be 100,000 or so women in the U.S. who would like a similar chance to use cloning to have their own babies. Probably, they do not care how much money they pay to have their own blood-related babies. Allowing human cloning creates a world where one could get life with money. Buying life reduce the value of it because we do not respect things which we can get easily. It could lead to the increase of murder. One day it might be possible that at a department Saavedra Page 2 store we can buy life that is labeled,... cloning Essay -- essays research papers Since March 1997, the birth of a cloned sheep, named Dolly, has caused a great sensation around the world. The reason why Dolly shocked the world was that she was the first clone from a cell of an adult mammal: something scientists thought to be impossible. The cloning of a mammal cell meant that the possibility of cloning a human beings was increased. For fear human cloning, a lot of countries have taken necessary measures to regulate the study of it. We should ban human cloning because it has the possibility to reduce the value of human life: taking away individuality in our society. Richard Seed, a physicist who supports human cloning, said in a radio interview that he would open a clinic of human cloning for infertile people and make a big profit (Hotwired Japan). If human cloning were allowed there would be so many people just like Seed who would use cloning technology to make money. The business of operating the technology looks so profitable because there could be 100,000 or so women in the U.S. who would like a similar chance to use cloning to have their own babies. Probably, they do not care how much money they pay to have their own blood-related babies. Allowing human cloning creates a world where one could get life with money. Buying life reduce the value of it because we do not respect things which we can get easily. It could lead to the increase of murder. One day it might be possible that at a department Saavedra Page 2 store we can buy life that is labeled,...